Chronic Kidney Disease / Failure
WHAT IS CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE OR KIDNEY FAILURE ?
The kidney is the most important organ of the body as it eliminates waste products from our body in the form of urine. It acts as a filtration organ –the most important function is the purification of the blood.
Acute renal failure is a sudden and complete loss of kidney function. Chronic kidney failure (CKD) is when the kidneys are damaged, but not to the point where they have completely stopped working. The kidneys filter waste products out of your blood and produce urine to be expelled from your body.
When weakened by CKD, this filtering process becomes less effective which can result in high levels of urea and creatinine in the blood that lead to other health problems such as anemia or malnutrition.
Normally this disease is of chronic origin and usually has a slow gradual onset without any symptoms except a slight feeling of being unwell at a general level. It is a progressive loss of kidney function where the kidney is allowing the proteins, Red blood cells to be lost in urine as the kidney is losing its capacity of filtration and also the waste products such as urea, nitrogenous waste are not getting eliminated from our body and their levels are rising in the blood.
It is usually found in patients who have long-standing uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus, Hereditary Hypertension (uncontrolled High Blood pressure), Anemia, and Heart Disease.
Chronic Kidney Disease is the End Stage of Renal function or End stage of Kidney Disease where the patient requires an artificial filtration system (Dialysis) on a regular basis as the kidney has lost the ability to do so.
A low GFR and high Creatinine levels are often diagnostic of chronic kidney disease
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ?
Chronic kidney disease occurs when a disease or condition impairs kidney function, causing kidney damage to worsen over several months or years.
Diseases and conditions that cause chronic kidney disease include:- Type 1 or type 2 diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Glomerulonephritis , an inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units (glomeruli)
- Interstitial nephritis , an inflammation of the kidney’s tubules and surrounding structures
- Polycystic kidney disease or other inherited kidney diseases
- Prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract, from conditions such as enlarged prostate, kidney stones and some cancers
- Vesicoureteral reflux, a condition that causes urine to back up into your kidneys
- Recurrent kidney infection .
WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS ?
Factors that can increase your risk of chronic kidney disease include:- Diabetes
- Obesity
- High blood pressure
- Heart (cardiovascular) disease
- Smoking
- Family history of kidney disease
- Abnormal kidney structure
- Old age
- Frequent use of painkillers that can damage the kidneys
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